I might add that a centralized processing system is inherently less creative. Even if a centralized processor functions in an unimpeded fashion it just can’t generate the number of variant solutions or innovations to be tested against real world conditions that a multi-centered system can. In addition a centralized system falls more easily prey to confirmation bias and all it’s parallel biases. Once a decision is made the centralized processing system tends to commit to that decision instead of looking for many other alternatives.